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Sprinkler nominal K-Factor

Sprinkler head (or nozzle) is an important component that discharges water/ foam in a specific pattern. In fire protection system, the K-factor formula is used to calculate the volumetric flow rate from the fire sprinkler (sprinkler head), water mist nozzle, or deluge fire system nozzles.
K-factors can be determined by using the following equation: K = Q/P1/2, where K is represented by gallons per minute, or gpm/psi1/2, Q is flow rate in gpm, and P is pressure in psi, or pounds of force. It is usually calculated in metric units internationally.
Sprinkler
Sprinkler
Care should be exercised not to mix K-factor from metric unit and Imperial/ US unit, as the resulting factors are not equivalent. In case of mix-ups, results can be catastrophic. Our engineer team prepares below chart to show the K factors, according to standard NFPA13, UL199, GB5135.1, GB5135.3 and GB5135.9, etc. Hope it is helpful for choosing suitable sprinkler head or nozzle.

Sprinkler nominal K-Factor (K coefficient) table

Nominal K-Factor K-Factor range Percent of K5.6 discharge Nominal orifice size Thread connection
gpm/(psi)1/2 (lpm/(bar)1/2) gpm/(psi)1/2 lpm/(bar)1/2 lpm/(bar)1/2
NFPA 13 / UL 199 / FM GB5135.1/3/9 NFPA 13 / UL 199 NFPA 13 / UL 199 GB5135.1/3/9 NFPA 13 NFPA 13 NFPA 13 / UL 199
K2.8 (K40) K40 2.6 ~ 2.9 38 ~ 42 38 ~ 42 50% 3/8" 1/2"
K4.2 (K60) K57 4.0 ~ 4.4 57 ~ 63 54 ~ 60 75% 7/16" 1/2"
K5.6 (K80) K80 5.3 ~ 5.8 76 ~ 84 76 ~ 84 100% 1/2" 1/2"
K8.0 (K115) K115 7.4 ~ 8.2 107 ~ 118 109 ~ 121 140% 17/32" 3/4" or 1/2"
K11.2 (K160) K161 10.7 ~ 11.7 159 ~ 166 159 ~ 166 200% 5/8" 3/4" or 1/2"
K14.0 (K200) K202 13.5 ~ 14.5 195 ~ 209 195 ~ 209 250% 3/4" 3/4"
K16.8 (K240) K242 16.0 ~ 17.6 231 ~ 254 231 ~ 254 300% / 3/4"
K22.4 (K320) K323 21.3 ~ 23.5 311 ~ 343 307 ~ 339 400% / 1"
K25.2 (K360) K363 23.9 ~ 26.5 349 ~ 387 344 ~ 382 450% / 1"

We can provide you fire sprinkler (or nozzle) with proper K factors. If you have any technical question, please email or leave message to us info@tpmcsteel.com, and we will be glad to reply you.